Which condition refers to an infestation of head lice?

• A. Scabies
• B. Tinea favosa
• C. Pediculosis capitis
• D. Pityriasis steatoides

Answer: (C)

Pediculosis capitis is the infestation of the scalp by head lice. It means tiny insects live on the hair and feed on blood from the scalp, often causing intense itching and the appearance of nits (eggs) attached to hair shafts near the scalp. Lice spread mainly through direct head-to-head contact or by sharing combs, hats, or pillows. In a salon or school setting, recognizing this term helps you identify the condition and take appropriate precautions, like avoiding close scalp contact, not sharing tools, and guiding the client toward appropriate treatment. This label specifically refers to head lice, unlike scabies (mites causing a body/skin rash), tinea capitis (fungal infection with scaling and potential hair loss), or pityriasis steatoides (seborrheic dermatitis with greasy scales).